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What Was The Political Party Makeup Of Congress In 1973 That Passed The Hmo Act?

Written By Sunday, April 17, 2022 Add Comment Edit

1973–1975 U.Southward. Congress

93rd United States Congress

92nd ←

→ 94th
USCapitol.jpg

United States Capitol (2002)
January iii, 1973 – Jan 3, 1975
Members 100 senators
435 representatives
Senate Majority Democratic
Senate President Spiro Agnew (R)
(until October 10, 1973)
Vacant
(Oct ten–Dec 6, 1973)
Gerald Ford (R)
(December half-dozen, 1973 – Aug 9, 1974)
Vacant
(Aug 9–Dec xix, 1974)
Nelson Rockefeller (R)
(from Dec 19, 1974)
House Majority Democratic
House Speaker Carl Albert (D)
Sessions
1st: Jan 3, 1973 – December 22, 1973
2nd: Jan 21, 1974 – December twenty, 1974

The 93rd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal regime, composed of the Usa Senate and the United states of america House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1973, to January 3, 1975, during the last 18 months of Richard Nixon's presidency, and the first 6 months of Gerald Ford'south. This Congress was the first (and, to date, just) Congress with more than 2 Senate Presidents (the Vice President of the United States), in this instance, three. Afterward the resignation of Spiro Agnew, Gerald Ford was appointed under the say-so of the newly ratified 25th Subpoena. Ford became president the next year and Nelson Rockefeller was appointed in his place. The apportionment of seats in the Firm of Representatives was based on the Nineteenth Census of the United States in 1970. Both chambers had a Democratic majority. This is the earliest Congress to characteristic a member, Representative Don Young (R-AK), who served until 2022.

Major events [edit]

  • January 20, 1973: President Richard Nixon began his second term.
  • January 22, 1973: Supreme Courtroom issued abortion decision, Roe v. Wade
  • January 27, 1973: Paris Peace Accords signed
  • October 10, 1973: Vice President Spiro Agnew resigned
  • October 20, 1973: Saturday Night Massacre
  • October 30, 1973: Impeachment process against Richard Nixon initiated
  • December half-dozen, 1973: Vice President Gerald Ford confirmed and inaugurated
  • August 9, 1974: President Richard Nixon resigned. Vice President Gerald Ford became President of the U.s.a..
  • November 5, 1974: United States midterm elections: Democrats increased their majorities in both houses
  • Dec 19, 1974: Vice President Nelson Rockefeller confirmed and inaugurated

Major legislation [edit]

  • July one, 1973: Case–Church Amendment, Pub.L. 93–52, championship I, 87 Stat. 130
  • Baronial thirteen, 1973: Federal Assist Highway Act of 1973, Pub.L. 93–87, title I, 87 Stat. 250
  • September 26, 1973: Rehabilitation Deed of 1973, Pub.L. 93–112, 87 Stat. 355
  • October one, 1973: Domestic Volunteer Services Act of 1973 (VISTA), Pub.L. 93–113, 87 Stat. 394
  • Oct 4, 1973: Oil Pollution Human activity of 1973, Pub.L. 93–119, 87 Stat. 424-2
  • November three, 1973: Amtrak Improvement Act, Pub.L. 93–146, 87 Stat. 548
  • November 7, 1973: War Powers Resolution, Pub.L. 93–148, 87 Stat. 555
  • December 28, 1973: Comprehensive Employment and Grooming Deed, Pub.50. 93–203
  • December 28, 1973: Endangered Species Act, Pub.L. 93–205, 87 Stat. 884
  • December 29, 1973: Health Maintenance Organization Deed of 1973, Pub.L. 93–222
  • March 7, 1974: Water Resources Development Human action of 1974, Pub.L. 93–251, 88 Stat. 34
  • May 22, 1974: Disaster Relief Act of 1974, Pub.L. 93–288, 88 Stat. 143
  • July 12, 1974: Congressional Upkeep and Impoundment Command Act of 1974, Pub.L. 93–344, 88 Stat. 297
  • July 25, 1974: Legal Services Corporation Act, Pub.L. 93–355, 88 Stat. 378
  • August 21, 1974: Family unit Educational Rights and Privacy Deed, Pub.Fifty. 93–380, championship 5, §513, 88 Stat. 571
  • September 2, 1974: Employee Retirement Income Security Human action (ERISA), Pub.L. 93–406, 88 Stat. 829
  • September seven, 1974: Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974, Pub.L. 93–415, 88 Stat. 1109
  • October 15, 1974: Federal Election Campaign Act, Pub.L. 93–443, 88 Stat. 1263
  • October 28, 1974: Equal Credit Opportunity Human activity, Pub.Fifty. 93–495, 88 Stat. 1521
  • Oct 29, 1974: Federal Burn down Prevention and Control Act of 1974, Pub.50. 93–498, 88 Stat. 1535
  • November 26, 1974: National Mass Transportation Aid Human action, Pub.50. 93–503, 88 Stat. 1565
  • Dec 3, 1974: Vietnam Era Veterans' Readjustment Help Human activity, Pub.L. 93–508, 88 Stat. 1578
  • December 16, 1974: Condom Drinking Water Act, Pub.Fifty. 93–523, 88 Stat. 1660
  • Dec 31, 1974: Privacy Act of 1974, Pub.L. 93–579, 88 Stat. 1896
  • January 2, 1975: An Act to Establish Rules of Evidence for Certain Courts and Proceedings, Pub.L. 93–595, 88 Stat. 1926
  • January 3, 1975: Trade Deed of 1974, Pub.L. 93–618, 88 Stat. 1978
  • January iii, 1975: Chancy Materials Transportation Act, Pub.Fifty. 93–633, title I, 88 Stat. 2156
  • Jan 4, 1975: Magnuson–Moss Warranty Act, Pub.L. 93–637, 88 Stat. 2183
  • January 4, 1975: Indian Self-Determination and Education Aid Human activity of 1975, Pub.50. 93–638, 88 Stat. 2203
  • Jan 4, 1975: National Health Planning and Resources Development Act, Pub.L. 93–641, 88 Stat. 2225

Hearings [edit]

  • May 17, 1973: Watergate hearings began (Senate Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities)
  • May nine, 1974: Hearings on the impeachment of President Nixon began (House Judiciary Committee)

Party summary [edit]

Makeup of the U.S. Senate at the showtime of this Congress, color-coded by party. Note: The orange stripes in New York and the green stripes in Virginia announce Conservative James Buckley and Independent Harry F. Byrd Jr., respectively.

Senate [edit]

Political party

(shading indicates bulk caucus)

 Total
Autonomous Republican Conservative Independent Vacant
End of the previous Congress 54 44 1 1 100 0
Brainstorm 56 42 one one 100 0
End 56 40 98 2
Concluding voting share 57.6% xl.4% 1.0% 1.0%
Beginning of the next Congress sixty 37 i ane 99 ane

Business firm of Representatives [edit]

Firm seats past party holding plurality in state

 over 80% Democratic

 over fourscore% Republican

 60+% to 80% Democratic

 60+% to lxxx% Republican

 up to 60% Autonomous

 upwards to sixty% Republican
Party

(shading indicates majority caucus)

 Total
Democratic Republican Vacant
Cease of previous Congress 252 178 430 5
Brainstorm 241 192 433 2
End 232 174 406 29
Final voting share 57.one% 42.9%
Beginning of next Congress 291 144 435 0

Leadership [edit]

Senate [edit]

  • President: Spiro Agnew (R) until Oct 10, 1973
    • Gerald Ford (R) Dec 6, 1973 – Baronial 9, 1974
      • Nelson Rockefeller (R) from December 19, 1974
  • President pro tempore: James Eastland (D)
  • Permanent acting president pro tempore: Lee Metcalf (D)

Majority (Democratic) leadership [edit]

  • Majority Leader: Mike Mansfield
  • Majority Whip: Robert Byrd
  • Democratic Conclave Secretary: Frank Moss

Minority (Republican) leadership [edit]

  • Minority Leader: Hugh Scott
  • Minority Whip: Robert P. Griffin
  • Republican Briefing Chairman: Norris Cotton
  • Republican Conference Secretarial assistant: Wallace F. Bennett
  • National Senatorial Committee Chair: Bill Brock
  • Policy Committee Chairman: John Belfry

House of Representatives [edit]

  • Speaker: Carl Albert (D)

Majority (Democratic) leadership [edit]

  • Majority Leader: Tip O'Neill
  • Bulk Whip: John J. McFall
  • Democratic Caucus Chairman: Olin Eastward. Teague
  • Democratic Caucus Secretary: Leonor Sullivan
  • Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Wayne Hays

Minority (Republican) leadership [edit]

  • Minority Leader: Gerald Ford until December six, 1973
    • John Jacob Rhodes from December seven, 1973
  • Minority Whip: Leslie C. Arends
  • Republican Conference Chairman: John B. Anderson
  • Republican Briefing Vice-Chairman: Samuel L. Devine
  • Republican Conference Secretarial assistant: Jack Edwards
  • Policy Committee Chairman: Hairdresser Conable
  • Republican Campaign Commission Chairman: Robert H. Michel

Caucuses [edit]

  • Congressional Black Caucus
  • House Democratic Caucus
  • Senate Autonomous Caucus

Members [edit]

This list is bundled past sleeping room, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by commune.

Skip downwardly to Business firm of Representatives

Senate [edit]

Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new vi-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate grade numbers, which betoken the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Course one ways their term began in the last Congress, facing re-ballot in 1976; Form ii means their term began with this Congress, facing re-election in 1978; and Class iii means their term ended with this Congress, facing re-ballot in 1974.

House of Representatives [edit]

The names of members of the Business firm of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

Changes in membership [edit]

Senate [edit]

Country
(class) 		Vacated by Reason for modify Successor Date of successor's
formal installation[a]
Ohio
(3) 		William B. Saxbe (R) Resigned January 3, 1974, to become Attorney General.
Successor appointed January 4, 1974 to finish the term. 		Howard Metzenbaum (D) January 4, 1974
Nevada
(3) 		Alan Bible (D) Resigned December 17, 1974, to give successor preferential seniority.
Successor appointed December 18, 1974, having already been elected to the adjacent term. 		Paul Laxalt (R) Dec 18, 1974
Utah
(3) 		Wallace F. Bennett (R) Resigned December xx, 1974, to give successor preferential seniority.
Successor appointed December 21, 1974, having already been elected to the next term. 		Jake Garn (R) December 21, 1974
Ohio
(3) 		Howard Metzenbaum (D) Resigned December 23, 1974, to requite successor preferential seniority.
Successor appointed December 24, 1974, having already been elected to the adjacent term. 		John Glenn (D) December 24, 1974
Kentucky
(3) 		Marlow Cook (R) Resigned Dec 27, 1974, to give successor preferential seniority.
Successor appointed December 28, 1974, having already been elected to the side by side term. 		Wendell Ford (D) December 28, 1974
New Hampshire
(3) 		Norris Cotton fiber (R) Resigned December 31, 1974, to give successor preferential seniority.
Successor appointed December 31, 1974, having already been elected to the next term. 		Louis C. Wyman (R) Dec 31, 1974
Florida
(3) 		Edward Gurney (R) Resigned December 31, 1974, in an influence peddling scandal.
Successor appointed Jan 1, 1975, having already been elected to the next term. 		Richard Stone (D) Jan 1, 1975
Arkansas
(3) 		J. William Fulbright (D) Resigned Dec 31, 1974.
Successor began next term. 		Vacant Non filled this Congress
North Carolina
(3) 		Sam Ervin (D) Resigned December 31, 1974.
Successor began next term. 		Vacant Not filled this Congress

Firm of Representatives [edit]

There were three deaths before this Congress began.

Commune Vacated by Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation[a]
Illinois seventh Vacant Rep. George W. Collins (D) died during previous congress. Cardiss Collins (D) June v, 1973
Alaska at-large Vacant Nick Begich (D) and Hale Boggs (D) were lost in a plane crash, and the estate of Rep. Begich was issued a presumptive death document from the State of Alaska during previous congress. Both were also declared dead pursuant to H. R. Res. 1 issued January 3, 1973. Don Immature (R) March vi, 1973
Louisiana 2nd Unhurt Boggs (D) Nick Begich (D) and Hale Boggs (D) were lost in a plane crash during previous congress. Both were declared dead pursuant to H. R. Res. 1 issued January 3, 1973. Lindy Boggs (D) March twenty, 1973
Michigan 7th Donald Riegle (R) Switched party amalgamation. Donald Riegle (D) February 27, 1973
Maryland 1st William Oswald Mills (R) Committed suicide May 24, 1973. Robert Bauman (R) August 21, 1973
Pennsylvania 12th John P. Saylor (R) Died October 28, 1973. John Murtha (D) Feb 5, 1974
Michigan 5th Gerald Ford (R) Resigned December 6, 1973, to get vice president. Richard Vander Veen (D) Feb 18, 1974
California 13th Charles Yard. Teague (R) Died January ane, 1974. Robert J. Lagomarsino (R) March 5, 1974
Ohio 1st William J. Keating (R) Resigned January 3, 1974. Tom Luken (D) March 5, 1974
Michigan 8th R. James Harvey (R) Resigned January 31, 1974, later existence appointed as a judge of the US District Courtroom of the Eastern District of Michigan. J. Bob Traxler (D) April 23, 1974
California 6th William S. Mailliard (R) Resigned March 5, 1974. John Burton (D) June 4, 1974
California tenth Charles Gubser (R) Resigned December 31, 1974. Remained vacant until next Congress
California 19th Chester E. Holifield (D) Resigned December 31, 1974.
California 32nd Craig Hosmer (R) Resigned Dec 31, 1974.
California 34th Richard T. Hanna (D) Resigned Dec 31, 1974.
Illinois 15th Leslie C. Arends (R) Resigned Dec 31, 1974.
Illinois 24th Kenneth J. Greyness (D) Resigned December 31, 1974.
Kentucky 1st Frank Stubblefield (D) Resigned December 31, 1974.
Massachusetts third Harold Donohue (D) Resigned Dec 31, 1974.
Michigan 6th Charles Eastward. Chamberlain (R) Resigned Dec 31, 1974.
Michigan 17th Martha Griffiths (D) Resigned December 31, 1974.
Minnesota 2nd Ancher Nelsen (R) Resigned Dec 31, 1974.
Minnesota 8th John Blatnik (DFL) Resigned Dec 31, 1974.
Nebraska 3rd David Martin (R) Resigned December 31, 1974.
New Hampshire 1st Louis C. Wyman (R) Resigned December 31, 1974, later on being appointed to the U.S. Senate.
New Jersey 7th William B. Widnall (R) Resigned December 31, 1974.
New York 14th John J. Rooney (D) Resigned December 31, 1974.
New York 15th Hugh Carey (D) Resigned Dec 31, 1974.
New York 29th Carleton J. Male monarch (R) Resigned December 31, 1974.
New York 37th Thaddeus J. Dulski (D) Resigned December 31, 1974.
Ohio 23rd William Edwin Minshall Jr. (R) Resigned Dec 31, 1974.
Oregon third Edith Green (D) Resigned December 31, 1974.
Pennsylvania 25th Frank M. Clark (D) Resigned December 31, 1974.
South Carolina third William Jennings Bryan Dorn (D) Resigned December 31, 1974.
South Carolina 5th Thomas S. Gettys (D) Resigned December 31, 1974.
Texas 21st O. C. Fisher (D) Resigned Dec 31, 1974.
Virginia 10th Joel Broyhill (R) Resigned December 31, 1974, after being defeated for re-election.
Washington tertiary Julia Butler Hansen (D) Resigned Dec 31, 1974.
Wisconsin 3rd Vernon Wallace Thomson (R) Resigned December 31, 1974.
Wisconsin ninth Glenn Robert Davis (R) Resigned Dec 31, 1974 .

Committees [edit]

Lists of committees and their political party leaders, for members (Business firm and Senate) of the committees and their assignments, go into the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of the article and click on the link (2 links), in the directory after the pages of terms of service, y'all will run into the committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and after the committee pages, you lot will meet the House/Senate committee assignments in the directory, on the committees section of the Business firm and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the commission'south members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.

Senate [edit]

  • Aging (Special) (Chair: Frank Church)
  • Aeronautical and Space Sciences (Chair: Frank Moss; Ranking Member: Barry Goldwater)
  • Agronomics and Forestry (Chair: William R. Poage; Ranking Member: Carl T. Curtis)
    • Surround, Soil Conservation and Forestry (Chair: James Eastland; Ranking Member: Jesse Helms)
    • Agriculture Credit and Rural Electrification (Chair: George McGovern; Ranking Fellow member: George D. Aiken)
    • Agricultural output, Marketing and Stabilization of Prices (Chair: Walter "Dee" Huddleston; Ranking Member: Milton R. Young)
    • Agricultural Research and General Legislation (Chair: James Allen; Ranking Member: Bob Dole)
    • Rural Development (Chair: Dick Clark; Ranking Fellow member: Carl T. Curtis)
    • Foreign Agricultural Policy (Chair: Hubert Humphrey; Ranking Fellow member: Henry Bellmon)
  • Appropriations (Chair: John Fifty. McClellan; Ranking Member: Milton Young)
    • Agriculture, Environmental and Consumer Protection (Chair: Gale W. McGee; Ranking Member: Hiram L. Fong)
    • Defense (Chair: John 50. McClellan; Ranking Fellow member: Milton R. Young)
    • Intelligence Operations (Chair: John L. McClellan; Ranking Member: Milton R. Immature)
    • District of Columbia (Chair: Birch Bayh; Ranking Member: Charles Mathias)
    • Foreign Operations (Chair: Daniel Inouye; Ranking Member: Edward W. Brooke)
    • Housing and Urban Evolution, Infinite, Science and Veterans (Chair: William Proxmire; Ranking Member: Charles Mathias)
    • Interior (Chair: Alan Bible; Ranking Member: Ted Stevens)
    • Labor, Health, Educational activity and Welfare (Chair: Warren Magnuson; Ranking Fellow member: Norris Cotton)
    • Legislative (Chair: Fritz Hollings; Ranking Fellow member: Norris Cotton)
    • Military Structure (Chair: Mike Mansfield; Ranking Fellow member: Richard Southward. Schweiker)
    • Public Works, AEC (Chair: John C. Stennis; Ranking Fellow member: Marking O. Hatfield)
    • State, Justice, Commerce and the Judiciary (Chair: John Pastore; Ranking Fellow member: Roman Fifty. Hruska)
    • Transportation (Chair: Robert Byrd; Ranking Member: Clifford P. Example)
    • Treasury, U.S. Postal Service and General Authorities (Chair: Joseph Montoya; Ranking Fellow member: Henry Bellmon)
  • Armed Services (Chair: John C. Stennis; Ranking Member: Strom Thurmond)
    • Fundamental Intelligence (Chair: John C. Stennis; Ranking Member: Peter H. Dominick)
    • Preparedness Investigating (Chair: John C. Stennis; Ranking Member: Strom Thurmond)
    • National Stockfile and Naval Petroleum Reserves (Chair: Howard Cannon; Ranking Fellow member: William 50. Scott)
    • Status of Forces (Chair: Sam Ervin; Ranking Fellow member: William L. Scott)
    • Military Structure Authorization (Chair: Stuart Symington; Ranking Member: John Tower)
    • Arms Control (Chair: Henry M. Jackson; Ranking Member: Barry Goldwater)
    • Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Safeguards (Chair: Henry Grand. Jackson; Ranking Member: William B. Saxbe)
    • Tactical Air Ability (Chair: Howard Cannon; Ranking Fellow member: Barry Goldwater)
    • Enquiry and Development (Chair: Thomas J. McIntyre; Ranking Member: Peter H. Dominick)
    • General Legislation (Chair: Harry F. Byrd Jr.; Ranking Fellow member: William B. Saxbe)
    • Reprograming of Funds (Chair: John C. Stennis; Ranking Member: John G. Belfry)
    • Drug Abuse in the Armed services (Chair: Harold Hughes; Ranking Fellow member: Peter H. Dominick)
  • Banking, Housing and Urban Diplomacy (Chair: John Sparkman; Ranking Member: John Yard. Belfry)
    • Consumer Credit (Chair: William Proxmire; Ranking Member: Beak Brock)
    • Financial Institutions (Chair: John C. Stennis; Ranking Member: Wallace F. Bennett)
    • Housing (Chair: John J. Sparkman; Ranking Member: John Thousand. Tower)
    • International Finance (Chair: Adlai Stevenson Iii; Ranking Member: Bob Packwood)
    • Production and Stabilization (Chair: J. Bennett Johnston; Ranking Member: Robert Taft Jr.)
    • Securities (Chair: Harrison A. Williams; Ranking Fellow member: Edward West. Brooke)
    • Modest Business (Chair: Alan Cranston; Ranking Member: Lowell P. Weicker)
  • Commerce (Chair: Warren Magnuson; Ranking Member: Norris Cotton)
    • Aviation (Chair: Howard Cannon; Ranking Member: Norris Cotton)
    • Communications (Chair: Frank Moss; Ranking Fellow member: Howard H. Baker Jr.)
    • Consumer (Chair: Frank Moss; Ranking Member: Marlow Due west. Cook)
    • Environment (Chair: Philip Hart; Ranking Member: Marlow Westward. Melt)
    • Foreign Commerce and Tourism (Chair: Daniel Inouye; Ranking Member: Robert P. Griffin)
    • Merchant Marine (Chair: Russell B. Long; Ranking Fellow member: J. Glenn Beall Jr.)
    • Oceans and Atmosphere (Chair: Fritz Hollings; Ranking Member: Ted Stevens)
    • Surface and Transportation (Chair: Vance Hartke; Ranking Member: James B. Pearson)
  • District of Columbia (Chair: Thomas Eagleton; Ranking Member: Charles Mathias)
    • Business, Commerce and Judiciary (Chair: Adlai Stevenson Iii; Ranking Member: Pete Five. Domenici)
    • Financial Diplomacy (Chair: Thomas Eagleton; Ranking Member: Dewey F. Bartlett)
    • Public Health, Education, Welfare and Rubber (Chair: John Five. Tunney; Ranking Member: Charles Mathias)
  • Finance (Chair: Abraham Ribicoff; Ranking Member: Wallace F. Bennett)
    • International Merchandise (Chair: Abraham Ribicoff; Ranking Fellow member: Paul Fannin)
    • Health (Chair: Herman Talmadge; Ranking Fellow member: Clifford P. Hansen)
    • Private Pension Plans (Chair: Gaylord Nelson; Ranking Fellow member: Carl T. Curtis)
    • State Revenue enhancement of Interstate Commerce (Chair: Walter Mondale; Ranking Fellow member: Clifford P. Hansen)
    • Foundations (Chair: Vance Hartke; Ranking Member: Carl T. Curtis)
    • International Finance and Resource (Chair: Harry F. Byrd Jr.; Ranking Member: Bob Dole)
  • Foreign Relations (Chair: J. William Fulbright; Ranking Member: George D. Aiken)
    • Near Eastern Affairs (Chair: J. William Fulbright; Ranking Member: George D. Aiken)
    • European Affairs (Chair: John Sparkman; Ranking Member: Clifford P. Example)
    • Far Eastern Affairs (Chair: Mike Mansfield; Ranking Member: George D. Aiken)
    • Oceans and International Environment (Chair: Claiborne Pell; Ranking Member: Clifford P. Case)
    • Western Hemisphere Affairs (Chair: Gale West. McGee; Ranking Member: George D. Aiken)
    • Arms Control, International Law and Arrangement (Chair: Edmund Muskie; Ranking Member: Clifford P. Case)
    • Due south Asian Affairs (Chair: George McGovern; Ranking Member: Charles H. Percy)
    • African Affairs (Chair: Hubert Humphrey; Ranking Fellow member: James B. Pearson)
    • U.South. Security Agreements and Commitments Aboard (Chair: Stuart Symington; Ranking Fellow member: George D. Aiken)
    • Multinational Corporations (Chair: Frank Church building; Ranking Member: Frank Church building)
  • Government Operations (Chair: Sam Ervin; Ranking Member: Charles H. Percy)
    • Permanent Investigations (Chair: Henry Thousand. Jackson; Ranking Member: Charles H. Percy)
    • Intergovernmental Relations (Chair: Edmund Muskie; Ranking Member: Edward J. Gurney)
    • Reorganization, Research and International Organizations (Chair: Abraham Ribicoff; Ranking Member: Jacob Grand. Javits)
    • Budgeting, Management and Expenditures (Chair: Lee Metcalf; Ranking Member: William B. Saxbe)
    • Surplus Property (Ad Hoc) (Chair: James Allen; Ranking Member: Edward J. Gurney)
    • Inpoundment of Funds (Advertizement Hoc) (Chair: Lawton Chiles; Ranking Member: Charles H. Percy)
    • Procurement (Advertising Hoc) (Chair: Lawton Chiles; Ranking Member: William V. Roth Jr.)
  • Interior and Insular Affairs (Chair: Henry M. Jackson; Ranking Member: Paul J. Fannin)
    • Indian Affairs (Chair: James Abourezk; Ranking Member: Dewey F. Bartlett)
    • Minerals, Materials and Fuels (Chair: Lee Metcalf; Ranking Member: James L. Buckley)
    • Parks and Recreation (Chair: Alan Bible; Ranking Member: Clifford P. Hansen)
    • Public Lands (Chair: Floyd Haskell; Ranking Fellow member: James A. McClure)
    • Territories and Insular Affairs (Chair: J. Bennett Johnston; Ranking Member: Paul J. Fannin)
    • Water and Power Resource (Chair: Frank Church; Ranking Fellow member: Marker O. Hatfield)
  • Judiciary (Chair: James Eastland; Ranking Fellow member: Roman 50. Hruska)
    • Administrative Practice and Process (Chair: Ted Kennedy; Ranking Member: Strom Thurmond)
    • Antitrust Monopoly (Chair: Philip Hart; Ranking Member: Roman L. Hruska)
    • Constitutional Amendments (Chair: Birch Bayh; Ranking Fellow member: Marlow W. Cook)
    • Ramble Rights (Chair: Sam Ervin; Ranking Member: Edward J. Gurney)
    • Criminal Laws and Procedures (Chair: John L. McClellan; Ranking Member: Roman Fifty. Hruska)
    • FBI Oversight (Chair: James O. Eastland; Ranking Member: Roman 50. Hruska)
    • Federal Charters, Holidays and Celebrations (Chair: James Eastland; Ranking Member: John L. McClellan)
    • Clearing and Naturalization (Chair: James Eastland; Ranking Fellow member: Hiram L. Fong)
    • Improvements in Judicial Machinery (Chair: Quentin Burdick; Ranking Member: Roman Hruska)
    • Internal Security (Chair: James Eastland; Ranking Member: Hugh Scott)
    • Juvenile Malversation (Chair: Birch Bayh; Ranking Member: Marlow Melt)
    • Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights (Chair: John L. McClellan; Ranking Member: Hugh Scott)
    • Penitentiaries (Chair: Quentin Burdick; Ranking Member: Marlow W. Cook)
    • Rufugees and Escapees (Chair: Ted Kennedy; Ranking Member: Hiram L. Fong)
    • Revision and Codification (Chair: Sam Ervin; Ranking Member: Hugh Scott)
    • Separation of Powers (Chair: Sam Ervin; Ranking Member: Charles Mathias)
  • Labor and Public Welfare (Chair: Harrison A. Williams; Ranking Member: Jacob Yard. Javits)
    • Labor (Chair: Harrison A. Williams; Ranking Member: Jacob Thousand. Javits)
    • Handicapped Workers (Chair: Jennings Randolph; Ranking Member: Robert T. Stafford)
    • Education (Chair: Claiborne Pell; Ranking Member: Peter H. Dominick)
    • Wellness (Chair: Ted Kennedy; Ranking Member: Richard S. Schweiker)
    • Employment, Poverty and Migratory Labor (Chair: Gaylord Nelson; Ranking Member: Robert Taft Jr.)
    • Children and Youth (Chair: Walter Mondale; Ranking Member: Robert Taft Jr.)
    • Crumbling (Chair: Thomas Eagleton; Ranking Member: J. Glenn Beall Jr.)
    • Railroad Retirement (Chair: William Hathaway; Ranking Fellow member: Richard South. Schweiker)
    • Alcoholism and Narcotics (Chair: Harold Hughes; Ranking Member: Richard S. Schweiker)
    • Arts and Humanities (Chair: Claiborne Pell; Ranking Member: Jacob G. Javits)
    • National Science Foundation (Chair: Ted Kennedy; Ranking Fellow member: Peter H. Dominick)
    • Human Resources (Chair: Alan Cranston; Ranking Member: J. Glenn Beall Jr.)
  • Diet and Human Needs (Select) (Chair: George McGovern)
  • Post Office and Civil Service (Chair: Gale West. McGee; Ranking Member: Hiram 50. Fong)
    • Civil Service Policies and Practices (Chair: Jennings Randolph; Ranking Member: Henry Bellmon)
    • Compensation and Employment Benefits (Chair: Quentin Burdick; Ranking Fellow member: Ted Stevens)
    • Postal Operations (Chair: Fritz Hollings; Ranking Member: William B. Saxbe)
  • Presidential Campaign Activities (Select) (Chair: Sam J. Ervin Jr.)
  • Public Works (Chair: Jennings Randolph; Ranking Member: Howard H. Baker Jr.)
    • Air and H2o Pollution (Chair: Edmund Muskie; Ranking Member: James L. Buckley)
    • Economic Development (Chair: Joseph Montoya; Ranking Member: James A. McClure)
    • H2o Resources (Chair: Mike Gravel; Ranking Member: William L. Scott)
    • Roads (Chair: Lloyd Bentsen; Ranking Fellow member: Robert T. Stafford)
    • Disaster Relief (Chair: Quentin Burdick; Ranking Member: Pete Domenici)
    • Buildings and Grounds (Chair: Dick Clark; Ranking Fellow member: William L. Scott)
  • Rules and Administration (Chair: Howard Cannon; Ranking Member: Marlow Westward. Cook)
    • Standing Rules of the Senate (Chair: Robert Byrd; Ranking Member: Robert P. Griffin)
    • Privileges and Elections (Chair: Claiborne Pell; Ranking Fellow member: Marking O. Hatfield)
    • Printing (Chair: Howard Cannon; Ranking Member: Hugh Scott)
    • Library (Chair: Howard Cannon; Ranking Member: Mark O. Hatfield)
    • Smithsonian Institution (Chair: James Allen; Ranking Fellow member: Marlow Westward. Cook)
    • Restaurant (Chair: James Allen; Ranking Member: Marlow W. Cook)
    • Computer Services (Chair: Howard Cannon; Ranking Fellow member: Mark O. Hatfield)
  • Secret and Confidential Authorities Documents (Special) (Chair:[ data unknown/missing ])
  • Pocket-sized Business (Select) (Chair: Alan Bible)
  • Standards and Conduct (Select) (Chair: Frank Church)
  • Termination of the National Emergency (Special) (Chair: Frank Church)
  • Veterans' Diplomacy (Chair: Vance Hartke; Ranking Fellow member: Clifford P. Hansen)
    • Housing and Insurance (Chair: Harold Hughes; Ranking Member: James A. McClure)
    • Readjustment, Education and Employment (Chair: Vance Hartke; Ranking Member: Robert T. Stafford)
    • Health and Hospitals (Chair: Alan Cranston; Ranking Member: Strom Thurmond)
    • Compensation and Pensions (Chair: Herman Talmadge; Ranking Member: Clifford P. Hansen)
  • Whole

Firm of Representatives [edit]

  • Agriculture (Chair: William R. Poage; Ranking Fellow member: Charles M. Teague)
    • Cotton (Chair: B. F. Sisk; Ranking Member: Robert B. Mathias)
    • Dairy and Poultry (Chair: Ed Jones; Ranking Member: William C. Wampler)
    • Forests (Chair: John Rarick; Ranking Member: George A. Goodling)
    • Livestock and Grains (Chair: Tom Foley; Ranking Member: Wiley Mayne)
    • Oilseeds and Rice (Chair: Walter B. Jones Sr.; Ranking Member: William C. Wampler)
    • Tobacco (Chair: Frank Stubblefield; Ranking Member: Wilmer Mizell)
    • Conservation and Credit (Chair: William R. Poage; Ranking Fellow member: John K. Zwach)
    • Domestic Marketing and Consumer Relations (Chair: Joseph P. Vigorito; Ranking Member: George A. Goodling)
    • Department Operations (Chair: Kika de la Garza; Ranking Fellow member: Bob Price)
    • Family Farms and Rural Evolution (Chair: William Vollie Alexander Jr.; Ranking Member: Keith G. Sebelius)
  • Appropriations (Chair: George H. Mahon; Ranking Member: Elford A. Cederberg)
    • Agriculture, Ecology and Consumer Protection (Chair: Jamie Whitten; Ranking Member: Mark Andrews)
    • Defense (Chair: George H. Mahon; Ranking Fellow member: William E. Minshall)
    • District of Columbia (Chair: William Natcher; Ranking Member: John T. Myers)
    • Foreign Operations (Chair: Otto Passman; Ranking Member: Garner Due east. Shriver)
    • Housing and Urban Development/Infinite, Science and Veterans (Chair: Edward Boland; Ranking Member: Burt 50. Talcott)
    • Interior (Chair: Julia Butler Hansen; Ranking Member: Joseph Chiliad. McDade)
    • Labor, Health, Education and Welfare (Chair: Dan Flood; Ranking Member: Robert H. Michel)
    • Legislative (Chair: Robert R. Casey; Ranking Member: Louis C. Wyman)
    • Military machine Construction (Chair: Bob Sikes; Ranking Member: Robert C. McEwen)
    • Public Works (Chair: Joe 50. Evins; Ranking Member: Glenn Robert Davis)
    • Country, Justice, Commerce and Judiciary (Chair: John J. Rooney; Ranking Member: Elford A. Cederberg)
    • Transportation (Chair: John J. Rooney; Ranking Fellow member: Silvio O. Conte)
    • Treasury, Postal Service and Full general Authorities (Chair: Tom Steed; Ranking Member: Howard W. Robison)
  • Armed services (Chair: F. Edward Hébert; Ranking Member: William 1000. Bray)
    • Subcommittee No.#one (Chair: Melvin Cost; Ranking Member: Charles Southward. Gubser)
    • Subcommittee No.#2 (Chair: O. C. Fisher; Ranking Member: William L. Dickinson)
    • Subcommittee No.#iii (Chair: Charles Due east. Bennett; Ranking Fellow member: Bob Wilson)
    • Subcommittee No.#4 (Chair: Samuel South. Stratton; Ranking Member: John East. Chase)
    • Subcommittee No.#5 (Chair: Otis G. State highway; Ranking Member: Carleton J. King)
    • Intelligence (Chair: Lucien Nedzi; Ranking Fellow member: William M. Bray)
    • Man Relations (Chair: Floyd Hicks; Ranking Member: John E. Hunt)
    • War machine Investigation (Chair: F. Edward Hébert; Ranking Member: Leslie C. Arends)
  • Banking and Currency (Chair: Wright Patman; Ranking Member: William B. Widnall)
    • Domestic Finance (Chair: Wright Patman; Ranking Member: Phil Crane)
    • Housing (Chair: William A. Barrett; Ranking Fellow member: William B. Widnall)
    • Consumer Affairs (Chair: Leonor Sullivan; Ranking Fellow member: Chalmers P. Wylie)
    • International Trade (Chair: Thomas 50. Ashley; Ranking Member: Benjamin B. Blackburn)
    • Small Business (Chair: Robert Grier Stephens Jr.; Ranking Fellow member: J. William Stanton)
    • Banking company Supervision and Insurance (Chair: Fernand St. Germain; Ranking Member: John H. Rousselot)
    • International Finance (Chair: Henry B. González; Ranking Member: Albert Westward. Johnson)
    • Urban Mass Transit (Chair: Joseph Minish; Ranking Member: Garry Due east. Brown)
  • Criminal offence (Select) (Chair:[ data unknown/missing ]; Ranking Fellow member:[ information unknown/missing ])
  • District of Columbia (Chair: Charles Diggs; Ranking Member: Ancher Nelsen)
    • Business, Commerce and Revenue enhancement (Chair: W. S. Stuckey Jr.; Ranking Member: Bill Harsha)
    • Education (Chair: Ron Dellums; Ranking Fellow member: Stewart B. McKinney)
    • Regime Operations (Chair: Brock Adams; Ranking Member: Earl F. Landgrebe)
    • Judiciary (Chair: Walter Fauntroy; Ranking Member: Henry P. Smith Iii)
    • Labor, Social Services and the International Community (Chair: Romano Mazzoli; Ranking Member: Gilbert Gude)
    • Revenue and Financial Services (Chair: Thomas G. Rees; Ranking Member: Joel T. Broyhill)
  • Pedagogy and Labor (Chair: Carl D. Perkins; Ranking Member: Al Quie)
    • Education (Chair: Carl D. Perkins; Ranking Member: Alphonso Bell)
    • Labor (Chair: Frank Thompson; Ranking Member: John M. Ashbrook)
  • Foreign Affairs (Chair: Thomas E. Morgan; Ranking Member: John North. Erlenborn)
    • National Security Policy and Scientific Developments (Chair: Cloudless J. Zablocki; Ranking Member: Marvin L. Esch)
    • State Section Organization and Foreign Operations (Chair: Wayne Hays; Ranking Member: Edwin D. Eshleman)
    • Inter-American Affairs (Chair: Dante Fascell; Ranking Fellow member: Vernon W. Thomson)
    • Africa (Chair: Charles Diggs; Ranking Member: Edward J. Derwinski)
    • Asian and Pacific Diplomacy (Chair: Robert Due north. C. Nada Sr.; Ranking Member: William Due south. Broomfield)
    • International Organizations and Movements (Chair: Donald M. Fraser; Ranking Member: H. R. Gross)
    • Europe (Chair: Benjamin Stanley Rosenthal; Ranking Member: Peter Frelinghuysen)
    • Foreign Economic Policy (Chair: John Culver; Ranking Member: J. Herbert Shush)
    • Nearly East and Southern asia (Chair: Lee H. Hamilton; Ranking Fellow member: John H. Buchanan Jr.)
    • Foreign Aid Programs (Chair: Thomas Eastward. Morgan; Ranking Member: William Southward. Mailliard)
  • Government Operations (Chair: Chester E. Holifield; Ranking Member: Frank Horton)
    • Conservation and Natural Resource (Chair: Henry S. Reuss; Ranking Member: Guy Vander Jagt)
    • Foreign Operations and Government Information (Chair: William South. Moorhead; Ranking Fellow member: John North. Erlenborn)
    • Government Activities (Chair: Jack Brooks; Ranking Fellow member: John H. Buchanan Jr.)
    • Intergovernmental Relations (Chair: Lawrence H. Fountain; Ranking Fellow member: Clarence J. Chocolate-brown)
    • Legal and Budgetary Diplomacy (Chair: William J. Randall; Ranking Fellow member: Sam Steiger)
    • Legislation and Armed forces Operations (Chair: Chester E. Holifield; Ranking Member: Frank Horton)
    • Special Studies (Chair: Floyd Hicks; Ranking Member: John Westward. Wydler)
  • Business firm Administration (Chair: Wayne Hays; Ranking Member: William 50. Dickinson)
    • Accounts (Chair: Frank Thompson; Ranking Fellow member: Samuel L. Devine)
    • Elections (Chair: John Herman Dent; Ranking Member: R. James Harvey)
    • Library and Memorials (Chair: Lucien Nedzi; Ranking Member: James C. Cleveland)
    • Printing (Chair: John Brademas; Ranking Member: James C. Cleveland)
    • Electric and Mechanical Function Equipment (Chair: Augustus Hawkins; Ranking Member: R. James Harvey)
    • Contracts (Chair: Thomas S. Gettys; Ranking Member: James C. Cleveland)
    • Law (Chair: Kenneth J. Gray; Ranking Member: Samuel Fifty. Devine)
    • Personnel (Chair: Frank Annunzio; Ranking Member: Phil Crane)
  • House Beauty Shop (Select) (Chair: Martha W. Griffiths)
  • House Restaurant (Select) (Chair: John C. Kluczynski)
  • Interior and Insular Affairs (Chair: James A. Haley; Ranking Member: Craig Hosmer)
    • Environs (Chair: Mo Udall; Ranking Member: Philip E. Ruppe)
    • National Parks and Recreation (Chair: Roy A. Taylor; Ranking Fellow member: Joe Skubitz)
    • Water and Ability Resources (Chair: Harold T. Johnson; Ranking Member: Craig Hosmer)
    • Territorial and Insular Affairs (Chair: Phillip Burton; Ranking Member: Don H. Clausen)
    • Indian Affairs (Chair: Lloyd Meeds; Ranking Member: Manuel Lujan Jr.)
    • Mines and Mining (Chair: Patsy Mink; Ranking Fellow member: John Newbold Camp)
    • Public Lands (Chair: John Melcher; Ranking Member: Sam Steiger)
  • Internal Security (Chair: Richard Howard Ichord Jr.; Ranking Member: John One thousand. Ashbrook)
  • Interstate and Foreign Commerce (Chair: Harley Orrin Staggers; Ranking Member: Samuel 50. Devine)
    • Commerce and Finance (Chair: John E. Moss; Ranking Member: Jim Broyhill)
    • Communications and Power (Chair: Torbert Macdonald; Ranking Member: Clarence J. Brownish)
    • Public Health and Environs (Chair: Paul Rogers; Ranking Member: Ancher Nelsen)
    • Transportation and Aeronautics (Chair: John Jarman; Ranking Fellow member: R. James Harvey)
    • Investigations (Chair: Harley Orrin Staggers; Ranking Member: Samuel L. Devine)
  • Judiciary (Chair: Peter W. Rodino; Ranking Member: Edward Hutchinson)
    • Civil Rights and Ramble Rights (Chair: Don Edwards; Ranking Fellow member: Charles E. Wiggins)
    • Claims and Governmental Relations (Chair: Harold Donohue; Ranking Member: M. Caldwell Butler)
    • Courts, Civil Liberties and the Assistants of Justice (Chair: Robert Westward. Kastenmeier; Ranking Member: M. Caldwell Butler)
    • Law-breaking (Chair: John Conyers Jr.)
    • Criminal Justice (Chair: William 50. Hungate; Ranking Member: Henry P. Smith III)
    • Clearing, Citizenship and International Law (Chair: Joshua Eilberg; Ranking Member: Hamilton Fish IV)
    • Monopolies and Commercial Law (Chair: Peter W. Rodino Jr.; Ranking Fellow member: Edward Hutchinson)
  • Merchant Marine and Fisheries (Chair: Leonor Sullivan; Ranking Member: James R. Grover Jr.)
    • Merchant Marine (Chair: Frank One thousand. Clark; Ranking Fellow member: William S. Mailliard)
    • Fisheries, Wildlife Conservation and the Environment (Chair: John Dingell; Ranking Member: George A. Goodling)
    • Coast Baby-sit and Navigation (Chair: John M. Murphy; Ranking Member: Philip East. Ruppe)
    • Oceangraphy (Chair: Thomas N. Downing; Ranking Fellow member: Charles A. Mosher)
    • Panama Canal (Chair: Robert L. Leggett; Ranking Member: Gene Snyder)
  • Mail Function and Civil Service (Chair: Thaddeus J. Dulski; Ranking Member: H.R. Gross)
    • Investigations (Chair: Thaddeus J. Dulski; Ranking Member: Walter East. Powell)
    • Mail (Chair: James M. Hanley; Ranking Fellow member: Albert W. Johnson)
    • Retirement and Employee Benefits (Chair: Jerome Waldie; Ranking Member: Lawrence J. Hogan)
    • Manpower and Civil Service (Chair: David Northward. Henderson; Ranking Member: Edward J. Derwinski)
    • Postal Facilities, Mail and Labor Management (Chair: Charlie Wilson; Ranking Member: Elwood Hillis)
    • Census and Statistics (Chair: Richard Crawford White; Ranking Member: John H. Rousselot)
  • Public Works (Chair: John Blatnik; Ranking Fellow member: John H. Rousselot)
    • Water Resources (Chair: Ray Roberts; Ranking Member: Pecker Harsha)
    • Transportation (Chair: John C. Kluczynski; Ranking Member: Don H. Clausen)
    • Public Buildings and Grounds (Chair: Kenneth J. Grayness; Ranking Member: James R. Grover Jr.)
    • Economic Development (Chair: Robert Due east. Jones Jr.; Ranking Fellow member: John Paul Hammerschmidt)
    • Investigations and Review (Chair: Jim Wright; Ranking Member: James C. Cleveland)
    • Energy (Chair: James J. Howard; Ranking Fellow member: Factor Snyder)
  • Regulate Parking (Select) (Chair: B. F. Sisk)
  • Rules (Chair: Ray Madden; Ranking Member: David T. Martin)
  • Scientific discipline and Astronautics (Chair: Olin Eastward. Teague; Ranking Fellow member: Charles A. Mosher)
    • Aeronautics and Space Engineering science (Chair: Ray Madden; Ranking Member: John West. Wydler)
    • Science, Research and Development (Chair: John William Davis; Ranking Member: Alphonso Bong)
    • Manned Space Flying (Chair: Don Fuqua; Ranking Member: Larry Winn Jr.)
    • Infinite Science and Applications (Chair: James W. Symington; Ranking Fellow member: Marvin L. Esch)
    • International Cooperation in Science and Infinite (Chair: Richard T. Hanna; Ranking Fellow member: Louis Frey)
    • Free energy (Chair: Mike McCormack; Ranking Member: Barry M. Goldwater)
  • Standards of Official Conduct (Chair: Melvin Price; Ranking Fellow member: Jimmy Quillen)
  • Small Business (Select) (Chair: Joe L. Evins)
  • Veterans' Affairs (Chair: William Jennings Bryan Dorn; Ranking Fellow member: John Paul Hammerschmidt)
    • Compensation and Pension (Chair: Olin E. Teague; Ranking Fellow member: John Paul Hammerschmidt)
    • Education and Training (Chair: Henry Helstoski; Ranking Member: Margaret M. Heckler)
    • Hospitals (Chair: David E. Satterfield III)
    • Housing (Chair: Charles J. Carney; Ranking Fellow member: Elwood Hillis)
    • Insurance (Chair: Sonny Montgomery; Ranking Member: John Chiliad. Zwach)
    • Ways and Means (Chair: Wilbur Mills; Ranking Fellow member: Herman T. Schneebeli)
  • Whole

Joint committees [edit]

  • Diminutive Free energy (Chair: Rep. Charles Melvin Price; Vice Chair: Sen. John O. Pastore)
  • Congressional Operations (Chair: Sen. Lee Metcalf; Vice Chair: Rep. Jack Brooks)
  • Defence Productions (Chair: Sen. John J. Sparkman; Vice Chair: Rep. Wright Patman)
  • Economic (Chair: Rep. Wright Patman; Vice Chair: Sen. William Proxmire)
  • Internal Revenue Revenue enhancement (Chair: Sen. Russell B. Long; Ranking Member: Rep. Wilbur D. Mills)
  • The Library (Chair: Sen. Howard Cannon; Vice Chair: Rep. Lucien North. Nedzi)
  • Printing (Chair: Rep. Wayne L. Hays; Vice Chair: Sen. Howard Cannon)
  • Reduction of Federal Expenditures (Chair: Rep. George H. Mahon)
  • Budget Command (Chair: Rep. Al Ullman)

Employees [edit]

Legislative branch bureau directors [edit]

  • Architect of the Capitol: George M. White
  • Attending Md of the The states Congress: Rufus Pearson, until 1974
    • Freeman H. Cary, starting 1974
  • Comptroller General of the Usa: Elmer B. Staats
  • Librarian of Congress: Lawrence Quincy Mumford, until 1974
  • Public Printer of the Usa: Thomas F. McCormick, starting 1973

Senate [edit]

  • Secretary: Francis R. Valeo
  • Librarian: Roger K. Haley
  • Parliamentarian: Floyd Riddick, until 1974
    • Murray Zweben, starting 1974
  • Sergeant at Arms: William H. Wannall
  • Chaplain: Edward Fifty.R. Elson (Presbyterian)
  • Curator: James R. Ketchum
  • Democratic Party Secretary: J. Stanley Kimmitt
  • Republican Political party Secretarial assistant: J. Mark Trice, until 1974
    • William Hildenbrand, starting 1974

Firm of Representatives [edit]

  • Chaplain: Edward Chiliad. Latch (Methodist)
  • Clerk: West. Pat Jennings
  • Doorkeeper: William K. Miller, until December 31, 1974
    • James T. Molloy, acting
  • Parliamentarian: Lewis Deschler, until June 27, 1974
    • William Holmes Chocolate-brown, appointed June 27, 1974
  • Postmaster: Robert Five. Rota
  • Reading Clerk:
    • Bob Berry (R)
    • Charles W. Hackney Jr. (D)
  • Sergeant at Arms: Kenneth R. Harding

See also [edit]

  • United States elections, 1972 (elections leading to this Congress)
    • 1972 United States presidential election
    • United states Senate elections, 1972
    • United States Business firm of Representatives elections, 1972
  • United States elections, 1974 (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
    • United states of america Senate elections, 1974
    • United States House of Representatives elections, 1974

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ a b When seated or oath administered, not necessarily when service began.

Footnotes [edit]

  1. ^ Joe Moakley (D–MA) was elected as "Independent Conservative," based on official report of Congress by Benjamin Guthrie. "Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November vii, 1972." But he was sworn in as a Democrat at the showtime of the Congress, January 3, 1973. [1]
  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the U.s.a. Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of Us Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.

References [edit]

  • Biographical Directory of the U.Due south. Congress
  • U.S. Firm of Representatives: Congressional History
  • U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists
  • Firm of Representatives Session Calendar for the 93rd Congress (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on September 20, 2018. Retrieved June vi, 2016.
  • Congressional Pictorial Directory for the 93rd Congress.
  • Official Congressional Directory for the 93rd Congress, 1st Session.
  • Official Congressional Directory for the 93rd Congress, 2nd Session.

What Was The Political Party Makeup Of Congress In 1973 That Passed The Hmo Act?,

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/93rd_United_States_Congress

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